MULTIPLICATION. 38
21. A gallon of molasses is worth 25 cents; what is the value of 2 gallons? of 4 gallons? of 9 gallons? 22. If 1 man earn 12 dollars in 16 days, how much would 10 men earn in the same time?
23. If a steam-engine runs 28 miles in 1 hour, how far will it run in 4 hours? in 6 hours ? in 9 hours?
24. If the earth turns on its axis 15 degrees in 1 hour how far will it turn in 7 hours? in 11 hours? in 12 hours?
25. In a certain regiment there are 8 companies, in each company 6 platoons, and in each platoon 12 soldiers; how many soldiers are there in the regiment?
26. If 1 man walk 7-miles in 1 hour, how far will he walk in 8 hours ? in 11 hours ? in 20 hours? in 30 hours?
8 34. MULTIPLICATION is the process of taking a number as many times as there are units in another number. In multiplication three terms are employed, called the Multiplicand, the Multiplier, and the Product.
The MULTIPLICAND is the number to be multiplied or taken.
The MULTIPLIER is the number by which we multiply, and denotes the number of times the multiplicand is to be taken.
The PRODUCT is the result, or number produced by the multiplication.
The SIGN OF MULTIPLICATION is formed by two short lines crossing each other obliquely; thus, X. It shows that the numbers between which it is placed are to be multiplied together; thus, 7x5=35 is read, 7 multi- plied by 5 is equal to 35.
$ 35. When the multiplier does not exceed 12, pro- ceed thus:
1. Let it be required to multiply 175 by 7.
Ans. 1225.
OPERATION. Having written the multi- Multiplicand i 75 plier under the unit figure of Multiplier 7 the multiplicand, we multiply the 5 units by 7, obtaining 35 Product 1 2 2 5 units, or 3 tens and 5 units, and set down the 5 units under
